It is necessary to understand the patterns of interaction and behaviour which represent the organisation because?
None of the above
All of the above
Innovation depends on serendipity
Innovation is an organisational activity
Innovation requires organisations
In their study of factors that influence innovation success Panne et al. (2003) four main groups of factors which were:
Technology related factors-Project related factors-Product related factors-Market related factors
Firm related factors-Project related factors-Product related factors-Market related factors
Firm related factors-Project related factors-Product related factors-Technology related factors
Firm related factors-Technology related factors-Product related factors-Market related factors.
Firm related factors-Project related factors-Technology related factors-Market related factors
Which one of the following organisational characteristics has not been found to facilitate innovation?
Long term investment in marketing
Acceptance of risks
Diverse range of skills
Growth orientation
Cross functional co-operation
The dilemma of innovation management suggests there is a fundamental tension between the:
Need for marketing effort and the need for science and technology
Need for stability and the need for creativity
Need for research and development and the need for stability
Need for creativity and the need for innovation
In Pearson's uncertainty map which of the following categories is most applicable to the development of Dyson's bagless vacuum cleaner?
More than one of the above
Exploratory research
Development engineering
Applications engineering
Combining market opportunities with technical capabilities
In Pearson's uncertainty map which of the following categories is most applicable to the development of Guinness' 'In-can system'?
Development engineering
Applications engineering
Combining market opportunities with technical capabilities
Exploratory
Research
The capability of firms to be aware of, identify and take effective advantage of externally developed technology is defined as:
Researchability
Innovativeness
None of the above
Adaptability
Receptivity
In his study of firms' abilitiy to innovate Keith Pavitt suggests that many firms are small in size and provide good reliable services to local people but have limited, if any process or product technology capabilities. Such firms are:
Scale-intensive firms
Science-based firms
None of the above
Supplier-dominated firms
Specialist equipment suppliers
One of the most influential studies on organisational structure and innovation was carried out by who?
Rothwell
Schumpeter
Pavitt
Burns and Stalker
Nonaka
Someone who sells new ideas to others in the organisation, acquires resources and takes risks to support the project is often described as a:
Product champion
Business angel
Product innovator
Sponsor
Gatekeeper
Michael Porter argued that the notion of competitive advantage is dependent on firms' ability to what?
Develop new services
Develop new and exciting products
Reinvest the additional profit into the activities of the organisation
Generate additional returns for shareholders
Individuals within an organisation develop increased motivation and reduced frustration when:
Their efforts are recognised by senior management
All of the above
Their ideas contribute to the performance of the business
Their ideas are praised even when these are rejected
Their efforts are rewarded
Before the industrial revolution many innovations were the result of individual entrepreneurs. Today most innovations:
Come from universities
Come from individuals and universities
Come from organisations
Continue to come from individuals
In the study by Adams et al., (2006), which of the following was not found to be an input measure for innovation management?
Portfolio management
Knowledge management
Firm size
Innovation strategy
Project management
Commercialisation
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